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1 by
by [baɪ]de côté ⇒ 1 (b) près de ⇒ 2 (a) au bord de ⇒ 2 (a) devant ⇒ 2 (b) par ⇒ 2 (c)-(f), 2 (h), 2 (o), 2 (q) à ⇒ 2 (d), 2 (p), 2 (q) en ⇒ 2 (d), 2 (q) de ⇒ 2 (g), 2 (m), 2 (n)1 adverb∎ she drove by without stopping elle est passée (en voiture) sans s'arrêter;∎ he managed to squeeze by il a réussi à passer (en se faufilant);∎ if you see him, just walk on by si tu le vois, ne t'arrête pas;∎ two hours have gone by deux heures ont passé;∎ as time went by he became less bitter avec le temps il est devenu moins amer(b) (aside, away) de côté;∎ to lay or put sth by mettre qch de côté;∎ she put some money by for her old age elle a mis de l'argent de côté pour ses vieux jours∎ is there a bank close by? y a-t-il une banque près d'ici?;∎ she sat or stood by while they operated elle est restée là pendant qu'ils opéraient;∎ figurative how can you just sit or stand by while he suffers? comment peux-tu rester là sans rien faire alors qu'il souffre?;∎ stand by in case of an emergency ne vous éloignez pas au cas où il y aurait une urgence(d) (to, at someone's home)∎ I'll stop or drop by this evening je passerai ce soir;∎ your mother came by this morning ta mère est passée ce matin(a) (near, beside) près de, à côté de;∎ by a stream au bord ou près d'un ruisseau;∎ by the sea au bord de la mer;∎ she parked her car by the kerb elle gara sa voiture au bord du trottoir;∎ come and sit by me or my side viens t'asseoir près ou auprès de moi;∎ sitting by the fire assis près du feu;∎ don't stand by the door ne restez pas debout près de la porte∎ she walked right by me elle passa juste devant moi;∎ I drive by the school every day je passe (en voiture) devant l'école tous les jours∎ she left by the back door elle est partie par la porte de derrière(d) (indicating means, method)∎ to pay by cheque payer par chèque;∎ by letter/phone par courrier/téléphone;∎ to go by bus/car/plane/train aller en autobus/voiture/avion/train;∎ send it by plane/ship envoyez-le par avion/bateau;∎ by land/sea par (voie de) terre/mer;∎ by land and sea par terre et par mer;∎ it's quicker by train ça va plus vite en train;∎ I know her by name/sight je la connais de nom/vue;∎ literary he died by his own hand il est mort de sa propre main;∎ you must wash it by hand il faut le laver à la main;∎ was it made by hand/machine? a-t-il été fait à la main/machine?;∎ by candlelight à la lumière d'une bougie;∎ by moonlight au clair de lune;∎ I can do it by myself je peux le faire (tout) seul;∎ I'm all by myself tonight je suis tout seul ce soir∎ it was built by the Romans il fut construit par les Romains;∎ the house was surrounded by the police la police a cerné la maison;∎ I was shocked by his reaction sa réaction m'a choqué;∎ she had two daughters by him elle a eu deux filles de lui;∎ she has a daughter by her first marriage/husband elle a une fille de son premier mariage/mari∎ by chance/mistake par hasard/erreur;∎ by working overtime he managed to pay off his debts en faisant des heures supplémentaires il a réussi à rembourser ses dettes;∎ I'll lose by doing it j'y perdrai;∎ he learned to cook by watching his mother il a appris à faire la cuisine en regardant sa mère∎ a book by Toni Morrison un livre de Toni Morrison;∎ a quartet by Schubert un quatuor de Schubert(h) (indicating part of person, thing held) par;∎ carry it by the handle prends-le par la poignée;∎ she took her by the hand elle l'a prise par la main;∎ he seized him by the collar il l'a saisi par le col(i) (not later than, before)∎ she'll be here by tonight/five o'clock elle sera ici avant ce soir/pour cinq heures;∎ it must be done by tomorrow ça doit être fait pour demain;∎ I'll have finished by Friday j'aurai fini pour vendredi;∎ by the end of the 21st century illiteracy should be stamped out d'ici la fin du XXIème siècle l'analphabétisme devrait avoir disparu;∎ by 1960 most Americans had television sets en 1960 la plupart des Américains avaient déjà un poste de télévision;∎ by the time you read this letter I'll be in California lorsque tu liras cette lettre, je serai en Californie;∎ by the time the police came the thieves had left le temps que la police arrive ou lorsque la police arriva, les voleurs étaient déjà partis;∎ he should be in India by now il devrait être en Inde maintenant;∎ she had already married by then à ce moment-là elle était déjà mariée∎ by daylight au jour, à la lumière du jour;∎ he works by night and sleeps by day il travaille la nuit et dort le jour(k) (according to) d'après;∎ to call sb by his/her name appeler qn par son nom;∎ they're rich, even by American standards ils sont riches même par rapport aux normes américaines;∎ it's 6:15 by my watch il est 6 heures 15 à ou d'après ma montre;∎ you can tell he's lying by the expression on his face on voit qu'il ment à l'expression de son visage(l) (in accordance with) selon, d'après;∎ by law selon ou d'après la loi;∎ Sport & figurative to play by the rules faire les choses dans les règles(m) (with regard to) de;∎ to do one's duty by sb faire son devoir envers qn;∎ she's Canadian by birth elle est canadienne de naissance;∎ cheerful by nature gai par nature, d'un naturel gai;∎ he's an actor by trade or profession il est acteur de profession;∎ familiar it's all right by me moi, je suis d'accord ou je n'ai rien contre;∎ familiar if that's okay by you si ça te va, si tu es d'accord□(n) (indicating degree, extent) de;∎ Sport she won by five points elle a gagné de cinq points;∎ I missed the train by less than a minute j'ai manqué le train de moins d'une minute;∎ she's older than her husband by five years elle est plus âgée que son mari de cinq ans;∎ increase your income by half augmentez vos revenus de 50 pour cent;∎ they overcharged me by ten percent ils m'ont compté dix pour cent en trop;∎ his second book is better by far son deuxième livre est nettement meilleur(o) (in calculations, measurements)∎ multiply/divide 12 by 6 multipliez/divisez 12 par 6;∎ the room is 6 metres by 3 (metres) la pièce fait 6 mètres sur 3 (mètres)(p) (indicating specific amount, duration)∎ to be paid by the hour/week/month être payé à l'heure/à la semaine/au mois;∎ Commerce they only sell by the kilo ils ne vendent qu'au kilo;∎ Commerce it sold by the thousand ça s'est vendu par milliers;∎ he rents his room by the week il loue sa chambre à la semaine∎ little by little peu à peu;∎ day by day jour par jour, de jour en jour;∎ year by year d'année en année;∎ two by two deux par deux∎ north by west nord-quart-nord-ouestliterary bientôt1 adverbà propos∎ that's by the by ça n'a pas d'importance -
2 seize
transitive verb1) ergreifenseize somebody by the arm/collar/shoulder — jemanden am Arm/Kragen/an der Schulter packen
seize the opportunity or occasion/moment [to do something] — die Gelegenheit ergreifen/den günstigen Augenblick nutzen [und etwas tun]
seize any/a or the chance [to do something] — jede/die Gelegenheit nutzen[, um etwas zu tun]
be seized with remorse/panic — von Gewissensbissen geplagt/von Panik ergriffen werden
2) (capture) gefangen nehmen [Person]; kapern [Schiff]; mit Gewalt übernehmen [Flugzeug, Gebäude]; einnehmen [Festung, Brücke]3) (confiscate) beschlagnahmenPhrasal Verbs:- academic.ru/118317/seize_on">seize on- seize up* * *[si:z]1) (to take or grasp suddenly, especially by force: She seized the gun from him; He seized her by the arm; He seized the opportunity of leaving.) ergreifen2) (to take, especially by force or by law: The police seized the stolen property.) beschlagnahmen•- seizure- seize on
- seize up* * *[si:z]I. vt1. (grab)▪ to \seize sth etw ergreifen [o packen]▪ to \seize sb jdn packento \seize sb by the arm/throat/wrist jdn am Arm/an der Kehle/beim Handgelenk packento \seize sth with both hands etw mit beiden Händen greifento be \seized with desire von Begierde gepackt werdento be \seized with panic von Panik erfasst werden3. (make use of)to \seize the initiative/an opportunity die Initiative/eine Gelegenheit ergreifento \seize an opportunity with both hands eine Gelegenheit mit beiden Händen ergreifen4. (capture)▪ to \seize sth etw einnehmen [o erobern]to \seize a criminal einen Verbrecher festnehmento \seize a fortress/harbour/town eine Festung/einen Hafen/eine Stadt einnehmen [o erobern]to \seize a hostage eine Geisel nehmen5. (confiscate)▪ to \seize sth etw beschlagnahmenII. vito \seize on an excuse zu einer Ausrede greifen* * *[siːz]1. vt1) (= grasp) packen, ergreifen; (as hostage) nehmen; (= confiscate) beschlagnahmen; passport einziehen; ship (authorities) beschlagnahmen; (pirates) kapern; (= capture) town einnehmen; train, building besetzen; criminal fassento seize sb's arm, to seize sb by the arm — jdn am Arm packen
2) (fig) (= lay hold of panic, fear, desire) packen, ergreifen; power, leadership an sich (acc) reißen; (= leap upon) idea, suggestion aufgreifen; opportunity, initiative ergreifento seize the moment — den günstigen Augenblick wahrnehmen
to seize the day — den Tag nutzen
2. viSee:= seize up* * *seize [siːz]A v/tby an dat):b) fig ergreifen, packen, erfassen:fear seized the crowd Furcht ergriff die Menge;he was seized with remorse er wurde von Reue gepackt;seized with an illness von einer Krankheit befallen;seized with apoplexy vom Schlag getroffenc) → B 12. eine Festung etc (ein)nehmen, erobern3. sich einer Sache bemächtigen, an sich reißen:seize power die Macht ergreifen oder an sich reißen4. JUR beschlagnahmen, pfänden5. JUR US jemanden in den Besitz setzen (of gen oder von):be seized with, stand seized of im Besitz einer Sache sein6. jemanden ergreifen, festnehmen7. fig (geistig) erfassen, begreifen, verstehen8. SCHIFFa) zusammenbinden, zurrenb) anbindenB v/i* * *transitive verb1) ergreifenseize somebody by the arm/collar/shoulder — jemanden am Arm/Kragen/an der Schulter packen
seize the opportunity or occasion/moment [to do something] — die Gelegenheit ergreifen/den günstigen Augenblick nutzen [und etwas tun]
seize any/a or the chance [to do something] — jede/die Gelegenheit nutzen[, um etwas zu tun]
be seized with remorse/panic — von Gewissensbissen geplagt/von Panik ergriffen werden
2) (capture) gefangen nehmen [Person]; kapern [Schiff]; mit Gewalt übernehmen [Flugzeug, Gebäude]; einnehmen [Festung, Brücke]3) (confiscate) beschlagnahmenPhrasal Verbs:- seize on- seize up* * *v.belegen v.beschlagnahmen v.ergreifen v.greifen v.kapern v.packen v.wahrnehmen (Vorteil, Gelegenheit) v. -
3 seize
1. III1) seize smth. seize a rope (a stick, a weapon, a knife, a pencil, a book, smb.'s hand, etc.) хватать /схватить/ веревку и т.д.; in fright she seized my arm в страхе она ухватилась за мою руку; the driver seized the reins and drove off кучер взялся за /схватил/ вожжи и тронул2) seize smb., smth. seize prisoners (the city, a fortress, the enemy's position, the enemy's guns, enemy ships, etc.) захватать пленных и т.д.; the policeman seized the thief полицейский схватил /арестовал/ вора; we.seized the town after a short battle после короткого боя мы взяли город /овладели городом/; seize the throne захватить трон, завладеть троном; seize power захватить власть; seize smuggled goods (smb.'s house, etc.) конфисковать контрабанду и т.д.; they seized all they could они забрали /конфисковали, захватили/ все, что могли; seize an opportunity (a chance, an advantage, the occasion, etc.) воспользоваться случаем и т.д.3) seize smb. fear (amazement, fever, etc.) seizes smb. страх и т.д. охватывает /захватывает/ кого-л.; panic seized the crowd толпу охватила паника4) seize smth. seize the point (tile idea, the essence of the matter, a distinction, the importance of a statement, etc.) понять суть и т.д.; I can't seize your meaning не могу понять (до меня не доходит) смысл ваших слов2. IVseize smth. in some manner seize smth. tightly /firmly/ (quickly, hastily, desperately, etc.) крепко и т.д. хватать /схватить/ что-л.3. XI1) be seized the throne was unlawfully seized трон был незаконно захвачен; be seized upon by smb. the event was seized upon by the daily press reporters событие привлекло внимание репортеров ежедневных газет2) be seized with (by) smth. I was seized with panic (with terror, with shame, with pity, etc.) меня охватила паника и т.д., he was seized with sudden chest pains у него начались острые боли в груди; she was seized with fear на нее напал страх; I was seized with remorse (with misgivings, with repentance, with a desire to do smth., with a desire for travelling, etc.) я был полон угрызений совести и т.д.; I was seized with passion мною овладела страсть; he was seized first with surprise, secondly with indignation and lastly with alarm сначала он очень удивился, потом возмутился, а под конец встревожился; I was seized by a fit of coughing (yawning, etc.) на меня напал кашель и т.д.; he was seized by a longing to see her его охватило желание увидеть ее4. XVI1) seize on smth. seize on a rope (on smb.'s hand, etc.) ухватиться за /схватить/ веревку и т.д.2) seize (up)on smth., smb. seize upon an estate (on the ship, etc.) захватить поместье и т.д., завладеть /овладеть/ поместьем и т.д.; seize (up)on an idea (upon a chance, /upon an opportunity/., upon a pretext, on a suggestion, on a solution, etc.) ухватиться за мысль и т.д.; he seized upon a minor incident он прицепился /придрался/ к мелкому инциденту; they seized upon the newcomer они все набросились на вновь пришедшего3) seize (up)on smb. madness (panic, a great fear, etc.) seized (up)on him его охватило безумие и т.д.;5. XXI11) seize smb. by smth. seize smb. by the collar (by the hand. by the throat /by the neck/, by the ear, etc.) схватить кого-л. за шиворот и т.д.; seize smb. by force схватить /взять/ кого-л. силой2) seize smth. from smth. he seized the package from my hand он выхватил /вырвал/ сверток у меня из рук3) seize smth. for smth. seize smb.'s goods (smb.'s property, etc.) for payment of debt конфисковать чьи-л. товары и т.д. в счет уплаты долга
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